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PROPOSED TECHNOLOGY

 

a) What is the proposed technology?

            After evaluating all the argument and ideas from the selected available technologies and researches on this matter, we would like to propose anaerobic digestion technology, which we believe that it will be able to convert the waste into something valuable in effective ways.

 

b) Reason to choose this technology over other technologies surveyed?

            There are few solid reasons on why we choose this technology .Firstly it is environmental friendly which means that this process would not produce any pollution to the environment. The best part of this anaerobic digestion could contribute to reduce one of the alarming environment issues that we are facing right now which is reducing greenhouse effect. Professor Hawk (2012) cited that a well-managed anaerobic digestion process will aim to maximize methane production, but not release any gases to the atmosphere, thereby reduce overall emission as it provide large source of energy with no net increase in atmosphere which can reduce the contribution to climate change. Meanwhile, other process do not really contribute to the environment and some of them are not environment friendly.

The feedstock of this process is a renewable energy, therefore do not depletion of fossil fuels. Energy generated in this process can help to reduce the demand for fossil fuels. The use of the digestate to it reduction by decreasing the synthetic fuels use in fertilizer manufacturing.

Anaerobic digestion also give advantages in financial aspect more than other process. It can generate huge energy with low resources. Anaerobic digestion process can up 80 percent efficiency in the production of energy and it consider very high if compare to other process such as waste recovery system which is 55 percent efficiency. It contribute to the economic viability of farm by keeping the cost and benefits on the product as fertilizer.

 

C. Is it a sustainable technology?

From our survey, there is one system that applies this technology, which is The Kroger Recovery System. It is designed and operated by FEED Resource Recovery Inc., a clean technology company founded in Boston, Mass in 2007. FEED Resource Recovery (FEED) has designed and implemented a ground-breaking Zero Waste solution (called R2S) for the food industry. The system is one of its innovative and proprietary approach that leverages customers' existing transportation and distribution systems to generate clean, sustainable power for onsite operations, reduce emissions and save millions of dollars on waste removal costs which can be donated for social works.

 

Economic

There are lot of economy advantages using this technology. Many capital costs for building an anaerobic digester can be subsidized by grants or low cost loans. However, before making the large capital investment, it is critical to consider the net operating costs of an anaerobic digester. It is therefore necessary to conduct a detailed financial analysis before purchasing an anaerobic digester.

The purpose of this publication is to provide guidance as to whether an anaerobic digester is likely to be economically feasible for your operation, and whether it would be worthwhile to conduct a detailed financial analysis. Much of the research used to develop this article is based upon observations from the intermountain west, where the arid climate, scarce water resources, and energy policies affect the economic viability of anaerobic digesters. This document should be considered a screening tool as to whether or not an anaerobic digester could be economically feasible at your operation, and whether or not it would be useful for you to conduct a detailed financial analysis.

 

Social

An additional, indirect benefit from the use of anaerobic digestion systems is a product of the biogas generated and captured from these systems. Several communities that utilize anaerobic digestion and capture biogas do not have access to the main electric grid due to remoteness or expense. The electricity produced from biogas becomes a tremendous social benefit to communities as it can change the way communities interact. AD systems can give farmers energy independence and make them self-sufficient. In Finland, small remote farms often lose access to the electrical grid during strong storms; providing an independent energy source gives farmers more reliable access to electricity, improves quality of life, and promotes economic growth.

 

 

Agronomic advantages

  • Transformation of the liquid manure and the manure into a fertilizer, more easily assimilated by the plants, with reduction in the odours and the disease-causing agents

  • Organic waste processing for competitive prices

  • Insect ellimination at the storage pit 

  • Odours supression

Environmental advantages

  • Biogas resulting by anaerobic digestion is a source of renewable energy because it replaces fossil energy

  • Reduction of pollution due to nitrogen stripping (please refer to the  “Sludge” heading)

  • Sustainable management of organic waste

 

d) Is there any catalyst involved? What type of catalyst? How much it required?

Yes. This technology requires biocatalyst to optimize the process by providing substantial improvement in anaerobic digestion, providing higher yields of bio-methane, improved quality and reduction of total solids. Bio-organic catalyst has shown, in municipal and industrial anaerobic digestion systems that they act on the components, providing higher reduction rates over baseline values. Just a bit of catalyst (50 g per 1kg of waste) can increase bio-methane yields over 80%, with up to 30% reduction in total solids discharged. There are reports that cited that the presence of catalyst can enhance the biogas production as the enzymatic part of the concern bacteria is activated. There are bio-organic catalyst that very common to be use such as tomato plant waste ,alkali treated plant , beans ,and onion storage waste.  

 

 

REFERENCES

City of Greeley and Symbios Technologies, LLC. Final Report to the State of Colorado Governor’s                                   Energy Office. Phase 1 Engineering and Business Feasibility Analysis of a
                                  Multi-Feedstock Waste-to-Energy Facility at the Greeley Clean Energy Park.                                     November 13, 2009.

Keske, C.M. 2009. “Economic Feasibility Study of Colorado Anaerobic Digester Projects.”                                                 Prepared for the Colorado Governor’s Energy Office. August 28, 2009. Project                                   09-205. Available at: http://soilcrop.colostate.edu/keske/index.html

Leuer, Elizabeth R., Jeffrey Hyde, and Tom L. Richard. 2008.

Investing in Methane Digesters on Pennsylvania Dairy Farms: Implications of Scale Economies                                         and Environmental Programs.

 

 

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